JEE Main 2023 — Environmental Chemistry Question with Solution

Option A (manufacturing of cement) is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, as the production of cement releases large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Option B (electricity generation in thermal power plants) is also a major contributor, as burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil to generate electricity releases large amounts of CO₂ and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Option C (steel manufacturing) also has a significant impact, as the production of steel requires high temperatures and the use of large amounts of energy, which can come from the burning of fossil fuels.

Option D (Industrial production of urea) has a lower impact compared to the other options, as it is a less energy-intensive process and does not directly release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. However, the production of urea does rely on the use of natural gas as a feedstock, which does result in the release of some greenhouse gases.